Table 1 The percentage of bee symbionts and environmental bacteria and their corresponding species and families that were detected in honey samples representing 24 beehives where different antimicrobials were used as a prophylactic measure or therapeutic treatment due to previous infestations or infections
Sample | Bacterial communities | AM | INF | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Symbionts | Species of symbionts (relative %) | Environm | Families of environmental bacteria (relative %) | |||
1H | 92 | L. kunkeei (97) | 8 | Erwiniaceae (88), Pseudomonadaceae (10) | − | − |
2H | 93 | L. kunkeei (97.4) | 9 | Erwiniaceae (60.4), Pseudomonadaceae (37) | − | − |
3H | 1 | P. apium (58.5), L. kunkeei (39.2) | 97 | Bacillaceae (99.2) | − | − |
4H | 0.5 | L. kunkeei (58.5), A. nasoniae (20.1), P. apium (12.5) | 99 | Bacillaceae (100) | − | − |
5H | 22 | P. apium (88), L. kunkeei (8.8) | 64 | Streptococcaceae (65.8), Propionibacteriaceae (30.4) |  +  | − |
6H | 55 | L. kunkeei (92.3), P. apium (6.5) | 43 | Erwiniaceae (85.4), Bacillaceae (8.6) | − | − |
7HA | 23 | L. kunkeei (55.7), A. nasoniae (28), P. apium (10.3) | 76 | Lactobacillaceae (47), Halomonadaceae (36), Propionibacteriaceae (13) |  +  |  +  |
7HB | 56 | A. nasoniae (97.3) | 43 | Erwiniaceae (55.4), Propionibacteriaceae (27.8) |  +  |  +  |
8HA | 86 | L. kunkeei (57.3), A. nasoniae (24.3), P. apium (17.9) | 13 | Erwiniaceae (78), Bacillaceae (9) | − | − |
8HB | 47 | L. kunkeei (84.2), P. apium (8) | 49 | Propionibacteriaceae (56), Erwiniaceae (23), Streptococcaceae (18) | − | − |
9HA | 5 | A. nasoniae (32.2), S. symbiotica (29), P. apium (11.4) | 5 | Erwiniaceae (65.9), Propionibacteriaceae (28.4) |  +  |  +  |
9HB | 27 | A. nasoniae (39.5), S. symbiotica (29.1), P. apium (5) | 40 | Erwiniaceae (94.1), Lactobacillaceae (3.1), Propionibacteriaceae (1.5) |  +  |  +  |
9HD | 5 | L. kunkeei (40.2), A. nasoniae (21.9), G. apicola (15.6) | 29 | Propionibacteriaceae (75.9), Erwiniaceae (7.5), Lactobacillaceae (6) |  +  |  +  |
10HA | 81 | L. kunkeei (90.9), P. apium (6.9) | 16 | Lactobacillaceae (34.8), Pseudomonadaceae (26), Erwiniaceae (20.8), Propionibacteriaceae (10.4) |  +  | − |
10HB | 48 | L. kunkeei (91.4), P. apium (7.3) | 51 | Erwiniaceae (82.8), Lactobacillaceae (9.3) |  +  | − |
10HC | 92 | L. kunkeei (72.9), P. apium (26.1) | 7 | Erwiniaceae (71.4), Lactobacillaceae (22.1) |  +  | − |
11HA | 12 | L. kunkeei (60), P. apium (33), A. nasoniae (5.4) | 66 | Propionibacteriaceae (62.2), Lactobacillaceae (25), Streptococcaceae (7.4) |  +  |  +  |
11HB | 55 | L. kunkeei (79.8), P. apium (17) A. nasoniae (2.7) | 42 | Erwiniaceae (48.4), Lactobacillaceae (40.8) |  +  |  +  |
12HA | 91 | L. kunkeei (81), B. apis (6.2) | 7 | Propionibacteriaceae (50), Erwiniaceae (33), Streptococcaceae (10) | − | − |
12HB | 83 | L. kunkeei (79.6), A. nasoniae (8.8) | 17 | Erwiniaceae (88), Pseudomonadaceae (7) | − | − |
13H | 21 | A. nasoniae (61.8), P. apium (17.4), L. kunkeei (14.6) | 66 | Pseudomonadaceae (69), Streptococcaceae (13.2), Erwiniaceae (12.9), Propionibacteriaceae (9.1) |  +  | − |
14HA | 35 | L. kunkeei (69.9), P. apium (16), A. nasoniae (8.4) | 59 | Erwiniaceae (72.4), Lactobacillaceae (12.8) |  +  |  +  |
14HB | 36 | L. kunkeei (68.9), P. apium (16.6), A. nasoniae (9.2) | 59 | Erwiniaceae (73.1), Lactobacillaceae (13.3) |  +  |  +  |
15H | 9 | L. kunkeei (81.5), P. apium (14.6), A. nasoniae (3.3) | 77 | Streptococcaceae (75.5), Propionibacteriaceae (14.7) |  +  |  +  |