Table 1 Main metabolic, functional, and ecological features reported for microbial families and genera found associated with the Arabidopsis holobiont
Phylum | Family/Genus | Metabolic, functional, and/or ecological features | References* |
|---|---|---|---|
Bacteria | |||
Actinomycetota | Streptomycetaceae/Streptomyces | Plant growth promotion. Biocontrol activity. Phosphate turnover. Antimicrobial synthesis | Olanrewaju and Babaloba (2019) |
Nocardioidaceae/Nocardiodes | Plant derived and pollutant compounds degradation. Plant growth promotion. Halophyte | Yang et al. (2020); Okazaki et al. (2021) | |
Microbacteriaceae/Microbacterium | Plant growth promotion and protection | Ren et al. (2019); Gilbert et al. (2022) | |
Corynebactericeae/Rhodococcus | Organic compounds degraders. Plant beneficial and pathogens | Savory et al. (2017); Kim et al. (2018) | |
Bacillota | Bacillaceae/Bacillus | Plant growth promotion and protection. Bioactive molecules synthesis | Rabbee et al. (2019); Andric et al. (2020); Blake et al. (2021) |
Paenibacillaceae/Paenibacillus | Plant growth promotion and protection. Antimicrobials synthesis | Grady et al. (2016) | |
Bacteroidota | Flavobacteriaceae/Flavobacterium | Gliding motility. Pollutant degradation. Pathogen (animal) | Shrivastava and Berg, (2015); Mishra et al. (2021) |
Pseudomonadota (α class) | Rhizobiaceae/Rhizobium/Agrobacterium/ | N fixation legume symbiosis. Plant DNA integration. Plant growth promotion | Barton et al. (2018); Ferguson et al. (2019); Harman & Uphoff (2019) |
Sphingomonadaceae/Sphingomonas | Plant growth promotion. Organic compounds degradation | Stolz (2014); Luo et al. [117] | |
Methylobacteriaceae/Methylobacterium | Methylotrophy. Nitrate utilization. Anoxygenic phototrophy. Plant growth promotion | Ardanov et al. (2012); Knief et al. (2012); Iguchi et al. (2015); Macey et al. (2020); Alessa et al. (2021) | |
Devosiaceae/Devosia | N fixation symbiosis | Rivas et al. (2002) | |
Bradyrhizobiaceae/Bradyrhizobium | N fixation symbiosis | Jaiswal & Dakora (2019) | |
Azospirillaceae/Azospirillum | N fixation. Plant growth promotion | Fukami et al. (2018) | |
Rhodobacteraceae/Paracoccus | Methylotrophy | Czarnecki & Bartosik (2019) | |
Pseudomonadota (β class) | Comamonadaceae/Polaromonas/Acidovorax/Variovorax/Pelomonas | Aromatic compounds degradation. Plant sulfur supply. Nematode biocontrol | Pérez-Pantoja et al. (2012); Gahan & Schmalenberger, (2014); Topalovic et al. (2020) |
Oxalobacteriaceae/Massilia | Plant growth promotion and protection | Ofek et al. (2012); Liu et al. (2014) | |
Burkholderiaceae/(Para)Bulkholderia/Ralstonia | Animal and plant pathogen. Plant growth promotion. Bioactive molecules synthesis. Aromatic compounds degradation | Pérez-Pantoja et al. (2012); Mannaa et al. 2019; Klaus et al. (2020); Xue et al. (2020) | |
Pseudomonadota (γ class) | Pseudomonadaceae/Pseudomonas | Metabolic versatility. Plant pathogen. Biocontrol. Plant growth promotion. Pollutant degradation. Bioactive molecules synthesis | Xin et al. (2018); Weimer et al. (2020); Zboralski and Filion (2020) |
Erwiniaceae/Pantoea | Plant pathogen. Biocontrol | Lahlali et al. (2022) | |
Xhantomonadaceae/Xhantomonas/ Stenotrophomonas/Lysobacter | Plant pathogen. Plant growth promotion. Biocontrol | Puopolo et al. (2017); An et al. (2020); Tang et al. (2020) | |
Enterobacteriaceae/Enterobacter | Plant growth promotion | Macedo-Raygoza et al. (2019); Roslan et al. (2020) | |
Moraxellaceae/Acinetobacter | Plant growth promotion | Khanghahi et al. (2021) | |
Non-bacterial | |||
Oomycota | Pythiaceae/Pythium | Plant pathogen | Judelson and Ah-Fong (2019); Thambugala et al. (2020) |
Ascomycota | Mycosphaerellaceae | Plant pathogen | Videira et al. (2017) |
Davidiellaceae/Cladosporium | Bioactive compounds | Salvatore et al. (2021) | |
Pleosporaceae/Alternaria | Phytotoxins. Plant growth promotion | Thambugala et al. (2020). Wang et al. (2022) | |
Nectriaceae/Fusarium | Plant pathogen | Rampersad (2020) | |
Trichocomaceae/Penicillium | Versatile bioactive compounds synthesis. Plant growth promotion. Plant pathogen | Thambugala et al. (2020). Toghueo & Boyom, (2020); Bhatta (2022) | |
Basidiomycota | Tremellaceae/Cryptococcus | Human (mammals) pathogen | Bahn et al. (2020) |
Mucoronomycota | Mucoraceae/Rhizopus | Animal and plant pathogen. Fermentation products | Gryganskyi et al. (2018) |