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Table 1 Hydrochemical parameters of groundwater of the Hainich CZE obtained from different wells

From: The economical lifestyle of CPR bacteria in groundwater allows little preference for environmental drivers

Aquifer

Well

pH

Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L)

Ammonium (mg/L)

Nitrate (mg/L)

Sulphate (mg/L)

HTU, slower flow

H14

6.98 ± 0.09 (6.8–7.2)

0.61 ± 0.58 (0.1–2.54)

0.01 ± 0.02 (0–0.06)

1.29 ± 0.21 (0.77–1.52)

26.72 ± 2.16 (23.88–30.2)

H32

7.31 ± 0.07 (7.2–7.5)

2.23 ± 0.56 (1.31–3.41)

0.01 ± 0.02 (0–0.11)

28.51 ± 8.22 (12.57–40.58)

73.12 ± 5.25 (63.18–91.64)

H43

7.14 ± 0.07 (7–7.3)

0

0.09 ± 0.06 (0–0.27)

1.55 ± 3.92 (0.01–11.99)

38.52 ± 1.94 (35.15–47.06)

H52

7.31 ± 0.06 (7.1–7.4)

0

0.41 ± 0.1 (0.13–0.58)

5.35 ± 4.37 (0.07–16.32)

88.66 ± 8.22 (72.81–102.95)

HTL, fast conduit groundwater flow

H41

7.25 ± 0.17 (7.1–8.1)

4.83 ± 1.7 (1.77–8.04)

0.12 ± 0.1 (0–0.33)

10.16 ± 4.41 (2.51–23.33)

91.62 ± 20.76 (59.44–140.48)

H51

7.15 ± 0.09 (6.9–7.3)

2.73 ± 0.31 (2.21–3.29)

0.04 ± 0.12 (0–0.68)

8.12 ± 3.27 (4.87–21.05)

289.47 ± 19.95 (253.96–337.19)

  1. Four wells access the Hainich transect upper aquifer assemblage (HTU), characterized by slow diffuse flow in slightly fractured, thin aquifer beds; and two wells access the main Hainich transect lower aquifer assemblage (HTL), characterized by fast conduit groundwater flow typical for karstified carbonate rocks (Kohlhepp et al. [48]). The values represent averages with standard deviation from data measured during July 2014–April 2017 [37]. The minimum to maximum ranges are shown in the round brackets